Water Treatment in an Evaporative Cooling Tower

In an evaporative cooling tower, water is continuously circulated to remove heat from a process or HVAC system. As part of this cycle, a water treatment system maintains water quality and protects the tower’s components.

1. Circulation and Evaporation – Warm process water enters the cooling tower and releases heat as a small portion evaporates. The remaining water becomes more concentrated with dissolved minerals.

2. Monitoring and Control – Sensors measure key parameters such as pH, conductivity, and microbiological activity. A control panel adjusts chemical dosing based on these readings.

3. Chemical Dosing – Metering pumps inject treatment chemicals to prevent scale, corrosion, and bacterial growth (including Legionella). Typical chemicals include corrosion inhibitors, biocides, and scale-control agents.

4. Blowdown – A portion of concentrated water is regularly discharged and replaced with fresh makeup water to keep dissolved solids within safe limits.

Proper monitoring and chemical control extend equipment life, improve energy efficiency, and ensure compliance with health and safety standards.

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